class QSettings

The QSettings class provides persistent platform-independent application settings. More…

Inheritance diagram of PySide6.QtCore.QSettings

Synopsis

Methods

Static functions

Note

This documentation may contain snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python. We always welcome contributions to the snippet translation. If you see an issue with the translation, you can also let us know by creating a ticket on https:/bugreports.qt.io/projects/PYSIDE

Detailed Description

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Users normally expect an application to remember its settings (window sizes and positions, options, etc.) across sessions. This information is often stored in the system registry on Windows, and in property list files on macOS and iOS. On Unix systems, in the absence of a standard, many applications (including the KDE applications) use INI text files.

QSettings is an abstraction around these technologies, enabling you to save and restore application settings in a portable manner. It also supports custom storage formats .

QSettings ‘s API is based on QVariant , allowing you to save most value-based types, such as QString , QRect , and QImage, with the minimum of effort.

If all you need is a non-persistent memory-based structure, consider using QMap < QString , QVariant > instead.

Basic Usage

When creating a QSettings object, you must pass the name of your company or organization as well as the name of your application. For example, if your product is called Star Runner and your company is called MySoft, you would construct the QSettings object as follows:

settings = QSettings("MySoft", "Star Runner")

QSettings objects can be created either on the stack or on the heap (i.e. using new). Constructing and destroying a QSettings object is very fast.

If you use QSettings from many places in your application, you might want to specify the organization name and the application name using setOrganizationName() and setApplicationName() , and then use the default QSettings constructor:

QCoreApplication.setOrganizationName("MySoft")
QCoreApplication.setOrganizationDomain("mysoft.com")
QCoreApplication.setApplicationName("Star Runner")            ...

settings = QSettings()

(Here, we also specify the organization’s Internet domain. When the Internet domain is set, it is used on macOS and iOS instead of the organization name, since macOS and iOS applications conventionally use Internet domains to identify themselves. If no domain is set, a fake domain is derived from the organization name. See the Platform-Specific Notes below for details.)

QSettings stores settings. Each setting consists of a QString that specifies the setting’s name (the key) and a QVariant that stores the data associated with the key. To write a setting, use setValue() . For example:

settings.setValue("editor/wrapMargin", 68)

If there already exists a setting with the same key, the existing value is overwritten by the new value. For efficiency, the changes may not be saved to permanent storage immediately. (You can always call sync() to commit your changes.)

You can get a setting’s value back using value() :

margin = settings.value("editor/wrapMargin").toInt()

If there is no setting with the specified name, QSettings returns a null QVariant (which can be converted to the integer 0). You can specify another default value by passing a second argument to value() :

margin = settings.value("editor/wrapMargin", 80).toInt()

To test whether a given key exists, call contains() . To remove the setting associated with a key, call remove() . To obtain the list of all keys, call allKeys() . To remove all keys, call clear() .

QVariant and GUI Types

Because QVariant is part of the Qt Core module, it cannot provide conversion functions to data types such as QColor, QImage, and QPixmap, which are part of Qt GUI. In other words, there is no toColor(), toImage(), or toPixmap() functions in QVariant .

Instead, you can use the value() template function. For example:

settings = QSettings("MySoft", "Star Runner")
color = settings.value("DataPump/bgcolor").value<QColor>()

The inverse conversion (e.g., from QColor to QVariant ) is automatic for all data types supported by QVariant , including GUI-related types:

settings = QSettings("MySoft", "Star Runner")
color = palette().background().color()
settings.setValue("DataPump/bgcolor", color)

Custom types registered using qRegisterMetaType() that have operators for streaming to and from a QDataStream can be stored using QSettings .

Section and Key Syntax

Setting keys can contain any Unicode characters. The Windows registry and INI files use case-insensitive keys, whereas the CFPreferences API on macOS and iOS uses case-sensitive keys. To avoid portability problems, follow these simple rules:

  1. Always refer to the same key using the same case. For example, if you refer to a key as “text fonts” in one place in your code, don’t refer to it as “Text Fonts” somewhere else.

  2. Avoid key names that are identical except for the case. For example, if you have a key called “MainWindow”, don’t try to save another key as “mainwindow”.

  3. Do not use slashes (‘/’ and ‘\’) in section or key names; the backslash character is used to separate sub keys (see below). On windows ‘\’ are converted by QSettings to ‘/’, which makes them identical.

You can form hierarchical keys using the ‘/’ character as a separator, similar to Unix file paths. For example:

settings.setValue("mainwindow/size", win.size())
settings.setValue("mainwindow/fullScreen", win.isFullScreen())
settings.setValue("outputpanel/visible", panel.isVisible())

If you want to save or restore many settings with the same prefix, you can specify the prefix using beginGroup() and call endGroup() at the end. Here’s the same example again, but this time using the group mechanism:

settings.beginGroup("mainwindow")
settings.setValue("size", win.size())
settings.setValue("fullScreen", win.isFullScreen())
settings.endGroup()

settings.beginGroup("outputpanel")
settings.setValue("visible", panel.isVisible())
settings.endGroup()

If a group is set using beginGroup() , the behavior of most functions changes consequently. Groups can be set recursively.

In addition to groups, QSettings also supports an “array” concept. See beginReadArray() and beginWriteArray() for details.

Fallback Mechanism

Let’s assume that you have created a QSettings object with the organization name MySoft and the application name Star Runner. When you look up a value, up to four locations are searched in that order:

  1. a user-specific location for the Star Runner application

  2. a user-specific location for all applications by MySoft

  3. a system-wide location for the Star Runner application

  4. a system-wide location for all applications by MySoft

(See Platform-Specific Notes below for information on what these locations are on the different platforms supported by Qt.)

If a key cannot be found in the first location, the search goes on in the second location, and so on. This enables you to store system-wide or organization-wide settings and to override them on a per-user or per-application basis. To turn off this mechanism, call setFallbacksEnabled (false).

Although keys from all four locations are available for reading, only the first file (the user-specific location for the application at hand) is accessible for writing. To write to any of the other files, omit the application name and/or specify SystemScope (as opposed to UserScope , the default).

Let’s see with an example:

obj1 = QSettings("MySoft", "Star Runner")
obj2 = QSettings("MySoft")
obj3 = QSettings(QSettings.SystemScope, "MySoft", "Star Runner")
obj4 = QSettings(QSettings.SystemScope, "MySoft")

The table below summarizes which QSettings objects access which location. “X" means that the location is the main location associated to the QSettings object and is used both for reading and for writing; “o” means that the location is used as a fallback when reading.

Locations

obj1

obj2

obj3

obj4

  1. User, Application

X

  1. User, Organization

o

X

  1. System, Application

o

X

  1. System, Organization

o

o

o

X

The beauty of this mechanism is that it works on all platforms supported by Qt and that it still gives you a lot of flexibility, without requiring you to specify any file names or registry paths.

If you want to use INI files on all platforms instead of the native API, you can pass IniFormat as the first argument to the QSettings constructor, followed by the scope, the organization name, and the application name:

QSettings settings(QSettings.IniFormat, QSettings.UserScope,
                   "MySoft", "Star Runner")

Note that INI files lose the distinction between numeric data and the strings used to encode them, so values written as numbers shall be read back as QString . The numeric value can be recovered using toInt() , toDouble() and related functions.

Restoring the State of a GUI Application

QSettings is often used to store the state of a GUI application. The following example illustrates how to use QSettings to save and restore the geometry of an application’s main window.

def writeSettings(self):

    settings = QSettings("Moose Soft", "Clipper")
    settings.beginGroup("MainWindow")
    settings.setValue("geometry", saveGeometry())
    settings.endGroup()

def readSettings(self):

    settings = QSettings("Moose Soft", "Clipper")
    settings.beginGroup("MainWindow")
    geometry = settings.value("geometry", QByteArray()).toByteArray()
    if geometry.isEmpty():
        setGeometry(200, 200, 400, 400)
else:
        restoreGeometry(geometry)
    settings.endGroup()

See Window Geometry for a discussion on why it is better to call QWidget::resize() and QWidget::move() rather than QWidget::setGeometry() to restore a window’s geometry.

The readSettings() and writeSettings() functions must be called from the main window’s constructor and close event handler as follows:

def __init__(self):            ...

readSettings()

def closeEvent(self, event):

    if userReallyWantsToQuit():
        writeSettings()
        event.accept()
    else:
        event.ignore()

Accessing Settings from Multiple Threads or Processes Simultaneously

QSettings is reentrant. This means that you can use distinct QSettings object in different threads simultaneously. This guarantee stands even when the QSettings objects refer to the same files on disk (or to the same entries in the system registry). If a setting is modified through one QSettings object, the change will immediately be visible in any other QSettings objects that operate on the same location and that live in the same process.

QSettings can safely be used from different processes (which can be different instances of your application running at the same time or different applications altogether) to read and write to the same system locations, provided certain conditions are met. For IniFormat , it uses advisory file locking and a smart merging algorithm to ensure data integrity. The condition for that to work is that the writeable configuration file must be a regular file and must reside in a directory that the current user can create new, temporary files in. If that is not the case, then one must use setAtomicSyncRequired() to turn the safety off.

Note that sync() imports changes made by other processes (in addition to writing the changes from this QSettings ).

Platform-Specific Notes

Locations Where Application Settings Are Stored

As mentioned in the Fallback Mechanism section, QSettings stores settings for an application in up to four locations, depending on whether the settings are user-specific or system-wide and whether the settings are application-specific or organization-wide. For simplicity, we’re assuming the organization is called MySoft and the application is called Star Runner.

On Unix systems, if the file format is NativeFormat , the following files are used by default:

  1. $HOME/.config/MySoft/Star Runner.conf

  2. $HOME/.config/MySoft.conf

  3. for each directory <dir> in $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS: <dir>/MySoft/Star Runner.conf

  4. for each directory <dir> in $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS: <dir>/MySoft.conf

Note

If XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is unset, the default value of /etc/xdg is used.

On macOS and iOS, if the file format is NativeFormat , these files are used by default:

  1. $HOME/Library/Preferences/com.MySoft.Star Runner.plist

  2. $HOME/Library/Preferences/com.MySoft.plist

  3. /Library/Preferences/com.MySoft.Star Runner.plist

  4. /Library/Preferences/com.MySoft.plist

On Windows, NativeFormat settings are stored in the following registry paths:

  1. HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\MySoft\Star Runner

  2. HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\MySoft\OrganizationDefaults

  3. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\MySoft\Star Runner

  4. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\MySoft\OrganizationDefaults

Note

On Windows, for 32-bit programs running in WOW64 mode, settings are stored in the following registry path: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\WOW6432node.

If the file format is NativeFormat , this is “Settings/MySoft/Star Runner.conf” in the application’s home directory.

If the file format is IniFormat , the following files are used on Unix, macOS, and iOS:

  1. $HOME/.config/MySoft/Star Runner.ini

  2. $HOME/.config/MySoft.ini

  3. for each directory <dir> in $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS: <dir>/MySoft/Star Runner.ini

  4. for each directory <dir> in $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS: <dir>/MySoft.ini

Note

If XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is unset, the default value of /etc/xdg is used.

On Windows, the following files are used:

  1. FOLDERID_RoamingAppData\MySoft\Star Runner.ini

  2. FOLDERID_RoamingAppData\MySoft.ini

  3. FOLDERID_ProgramData\MySoft\Star Runner.ini

  4. FOLDERID_ProgramData\MySoft.ini

The identifiers prefixed by FOLDERID_ are special item ID lists to be passed to the Win32 API function SHGetKnownFolderPath() to obtain the corresponding path.

FOLDERID_RoamingAppData usually points to C:\Users\User Name\AppData\Roaming, also shown by the environment variable %APPDATA%.

FOLDERID_ProgramData usually points to C:\ProgramData.

If the file format is IniFormat , this is “Settings/MySoft/Star Runner.ini” in the application’s home directory.

The paths for the .ini and .conf files can be changed using setPath() . On Unix, macOS, and iOS the user can override them by setting the XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variable; see setPath() for details.

Accessing INI and .plist Files Directly

Sometimes you do want to access settings stored in a specific file or registry path. On all platforms, if you want to read an INI file directly, you can use the QSettings constructor that takes a file name as first argument and pass IniFormat as second argument. For example:

QSettings settings("/home/petra/misc/myapp.ini",
                   QSettings.IniFormat)

You can then use the QSettings object to read and write settings in the file.

On macOS and iOS, you can access property list .plist files by passing NativeFormat as second argument. For example:

QSettings settings("/Users/petra/misc/myapp.plist",
                   QSettings.NativeFormat)

Accessing the Windows Registry Directly

On Windows, QSettings lets you access settings that have been written with QSettings (or settings in a supported format, e.g., string data) in the system registry. This is done by constructing a QSettings object with a path in the registry and NativeFormat .

For example:

QSettings settings("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Office",
                   QSettings.NativeFormat)

All the registry entries that appear under the specified path can be read or written through the QSettings object as usual (using forward slashes instead of backslashes). For example:

settings.setValue("11.0/Outlook/Security/DontTrustInstalledFiles", 0)

Note that the backslash character is, as mentioned, used by QSettings to separate subkeys. As a result, you cannot read or write windows registry entries that contain slashes or backslashes; you should use a native windows API if you need to do so.

Accessing Common Registry Settings on Windows

On Windows, it is possible for a key to have both a value and subkeys. Its default value is accessed by using “Default” or “.” in place of a subkey:

settings.setValue("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\MySoft\\Star Runner\\Galaxy", "Milkyway")
settings.setValue("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\MySoft\\Star Runner\\Galaxy\\Sun", "OurStar")
settings.value("HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\MySoft\\Star Runner\\Galaxy\\Default") # returns "Milkyway"

On other platforms than Windows, “Default” and “.” would be treated as regular subkeys.

Platform Limitations

While QSettings attempts to smooth over the differences between the different supported platforms, there are still a few differences that you should be aware of when porting your application:

  • The Windows system registry has the following limitations: A subkey may not exceed 255 characters, an entry’s value may not exceed 16,383 characters, and all the values of a key may not exceed 65,535 characters. One way to work around these limitations is to store the settings using the IniFormat instead of the NativeFormat .

  • On Windows, when the Windows system registry is used, QSettings does not preserve the original type of the value. Therefore, the type of the value might change when a new value is set. For example, a value with type REG_EXPAND_SZ will change to REG_SZ.

  • On macOS and iOS, allKeys() will return some extra keys for global settings that apply to all applications. These keys can be read using value() but cannot be changed, only shadowed. Calling setFallbacksEnabled (false) will hide these global settings.

  • On macOS and iOS, the CFPreferences API used by QSettings expects Internet domain names rather than organization names. To provide a uniform API, QSettings derives a fake domain name from the organization name (unless the organization name already is a domain name, e.g. OpenOffice.org). The algorithm appends “.com” to the company name and replaces spaces and other illegal characters with hyphens. If you want to specify a different domain name, call setOrganizationDomain() , setOrganizationName() , and setApplicationName() in your main() function and then use the default QSettings constructor. Another solution is to use preprocessor directives, for example:

    #ifdef Q_OS_DARWIN
    settings = QSettings("grenoullelogique.fr", "Squash")
#else
    settings = QSettings("Grenoulle Logique", "Squash")
#endif

  • On macOS, permissions to access settings not belonging to the current user (i.e. SystemScope ) have changed with 10.7 (Lion). Prior to that version, users having admin rights could access these. For 10.7 and 10.8 (Mountain Lion), only root can. However, 10.9 (Mavericks) changes that rule again but only for the native format (plist files).

See also

QVariant QSessionManager

class Status

The following status values are possible:

Constant

Description

QSettings.NoError

No error occurred.

QSettings.AccessError

An access error occurred (e.g. trying to write to a read-only file).

QSettings.FormatError

A format error occurred (e.g. loading a malformed INI file).

See also

status()

class Format

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

This enum type specifies the storage format used by QSettings .

Constant

Description

QSettings.NativeFormat

Store the settings using the most appropriate storage format for the platform. On Windows, this means the system registry; on macOS and iOS, this means the CFPreferences API; on Unix, this means textual configuration files in INI format.

QSettings.Registry32Format

Windows only: Explicitly access the 32-bit system registry from a 64-bit application running on 64-bit Windows. On 32-bit Windows or from a 32-bit application on 64-bit Windows, this works the same as specifying NativeFormat. This enum value was added in Qt 5.7.

QSettings.Registry64Format

Windows only: Explicitly access the 64-bit system registry from a 32-bit application running on 64-bit Windows. On 32-bit Windows or from a 64-bit application on 64-bit Windows, this works the same as specifying NativeFormat. This enum value was added in Qt 5.7.

QSettings.IniFormat

Store the settings in INI files. Note that INI files lose the distinction between numeric data and the strings used to encode them, so values written as numbers shall be read back as QString .

QSettings.WebLocalStorageFormat

WASM only: Store the settings in window.localStorage for the current origin. If cookies are not allowed, this falls back to the INI format. This provides up to 5MiB storage per origin, but access to it is synchronous and JSPI is not required.

QSettings.WebIndexedDBFormat

WASM only: Store the settings in an Indexed DB for the current origin. If cookies are not allowed, this falls back to the INI format. This requires JSPI, but provides more storage than WebLocalStorageFormat.

QSettings.InvalidFormat

Special value returned by registerFormat() .

On Unix, NativeFormat and IniFormat mean the same thing, except that the file extension is different (.conf for NativeFormat, .ini for IniFormat).

The INI file format is a Windows file format that Qt supports on all platforms. In the absence of an INI standard, we try to follow what Microsoft does, with the following exceptions:

  • If you store types that QVariant can’t convert to QString (e.g., QPoint , QRect , and QSize ), Qt uses an @-based syntax to encode the type. For example:

    pos = @Point(100 100)

    To minimize compatibility issues, any @ that doesn’t appear at the first position in the value or that isn’t followed by a Qt type (Point, Rect, Size, etc.) is treated as a normal character.

  • Although backslash is a special character in INI files, most Windows applications don’t escape backslashes (\) in file paths:

    windir = C:\Windows

    QSettings always treats backslash as a special character and provides no API for reading or writing such entries.

  • The INI file format has severe restrictions on the syntax of a key. Qt works around this by using % as an escape character in keys. In addition, if you save a top-level setting (a key with no slashes in it, e.g., “someKey”), it will appear in the INI file’s “General” section. To avoid overwriting other keys, if you save something using a key such as “General/someKey”, the key will be located in the “%General” section, not in the “General” section.

  • In line with most implementations today, QSettings will assume that values in the INI file are utf-8 encoded. This means that values will be decoded as utf-8 encoded entries and written back as utf-8. To retain backward compatibility with older Qt versions, keys in the INI file are written in %-encoded format, but can be read in both %-encoded and utf-8 formats.

Compatibility with older Qt versions

Please note that this behavior is different to how QSettings behaved in versions of Qt prior to Qt 6. INI files written with Qt 5 or earlier are however fully readable by a Qt 6 based application (unless a ini codec different from utf8 had been set). But INI files written with Qt 6 will only be readable by older Qt versions if you set the “iniCodec” to a utf-8 textcodec.

See also

registerFormat() setPath()

class Scope

This enum specifies whether settings are user-specific or shared by all users of the same system.

Constant

Description

QSettings.UserScope

Store settings in a location specific to the current user (e.g., in the user’s home directory).

QSettings.SystemScope

Store settings in a global location, so that all users on the same machine access the same set of settings.

See also

setPath()

__init__([parent=None])
Parameters:

parent – QObject

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Constructs a QSettings object for accessing settings of the application and organization set previously with a call to setOrganizationName() , setOrganizationDomain() , and setApplicationName() .

The scope is UserScope and the format is defaultFormat() ( NativeFormat by default). Use setDefaultFormat() before calling this constructor to change the default format used by this constructor.

The code

settings = QSettings("Moose Soft", "Facturo-Pro")

is equivalent to

QCoreApplication.setOrganizationName("Moose Soft")
QCoreApplication.setApplicationName("Facturo-Pro")
settings = QSettings()

If setOrganizationName() and setApplicationName() has not been previously called, the QSettings object will not be able to read or write any settings, and status() will return AccessError .

You should supply both the domain (used by default on macOS and iOS) and the name (used by default elsewhere), although the code will cope if you supply only one, which will then be used (on all platforms), at odds with the usual naming of the file on platforms for which it isn’t the default.

__init__(scope[, parent=None])
Parameters:

Constructs a QSettings object in the same way as QSettings ( QObject *parent) but with the given scope.

See also

QSettings(QObject *parent)

__init__(fileName, format[, parent=None])
Parameters:

Constructs a QSettings object for accessing the settings stored in the file called fileName, with parent parent. If the file doesn’t already exist, it is created.

If format is NativeFormat , the meaning of fileName depends on the platform. On Unix, fileName is the name of an INI file. On macOS and iOS, fileName is the name of a .plist file. On Windows, fileName is a path in the system registry.

If format is IniFormat , fileName is the name of an INI file.

Warning

This function is provided for convenience. It works well for accessing INI or .plist files generated by Qt, but might fail on some syntaxes found in such files originated by other programs. In particular, be aware of the following limitations:

  • QSettings provides no way of reading INI “path” entries, i.e., entries with unescaped slash characters. (This is because these entries are ambiguous and cannot be resolved automatically.)

  • In INI files, QSettings uses the @ character as a metacharacter in some contexts, to encode Qt-specific data types (e.g., @Rect), and might therefore misinterpret it when it occurs in pure INI files.

See also

fileName()

__init__(organization[, application=""[, parent=None]])
Parameters:

  • organization – str

  • application – str

  • parent – QObject

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Constructs a QSettings object for accessing settings of the application called application from the organization called organization, and with parent parent.

Example:

settings = QSettings("Moose Tech", "Facturo-Pro")

The scope is set to UserScope , and the format is set to NativeFormat (i.e. calling setDefaultFormat() before calling this constructor has no effect).

See also

setDefaultFormat() Fallback Mechanism

__init__(scope, organization[, application=""[, parent=None]])
Parameters:

  • scope – Scope

  • organization – str

  • application – str

  • parent – QObject

Constructs a QSettings object for accessing settings of the application called application from the organization called organization, and with parent parent.

If scope is UserScope , the QSettings object searches user-specific settings first, before it searches system-wide settings as a fallback. If scope is SystemScope , the QSettings object ignores user-specific settings and provides access to system-wide settings.

The storage format is set to NativeFormat (i.e. calling setDefaultFormat() before calling this constructor has no effect).

If no application name is given, the QSettings object will only access the organization-wide locations .

__init__(format, scope, organization[, application=""[, parent=None]])
Parameters:

  • format – Format

  • scope – Scope

  • organization – str

  • application – str

  • parent – QObject

Constructs a QSettings object for accessing settings of the application called application from the organization called organization, and with parent parent.

If scope is UserScope , the QSettings object searches user-specific settings first, before it searches system-wide settings as a fallback. If scope is SystemScope , the QSettings object ignores user-specific settings and provides access to system-wide settings.

If format is NativeFormat , the native API is used for storing settings. If format is IniFormat , the INI format is used.

If no application name is given, the QSettings object will only access the organization-wide locations .

allKeys()
Return type:

list of strings

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Returns a list of all keys, including subkeys, that can be read using the QSettings object.

Example:

settings = QSettings()
settings.setValue("fridge/color", QColor(Qt.white))
settings.setValue("fridge/size", QSize(32, 96))
settings.setValue("sofa", True)
settings.setValue("tv", False)
keys = settings.allKeys()
# keys: ["fridge/color", "fridge/size", "sofa", "tv"]

If a group is set using beginGroup() , only the keys in the group are returned, without the group prefix:

settings.beginGroup("fridge")
keys = settings.allKeys()
# keys: ["color", "size"]

See also

childGroups() childKeys()

applicationName()
Return type:

str

Returns the application name used for storing the settings.

beginGroup(prefix)
Parameters:

prefix – str

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Appends prefix to the current group.

The current group is automatically prepended to all keys specified to QSettings . In addition, query functions such as childGroups() , childKeys() , and allKeys() are based on the group. By default, no group is set.

Groups are useful to avoid typing in the same setting paths over and over. For example:

settings.beginGroup("mainwindow")
settings.setValue("size", win.size())
settings.setValue("fullScreen", win.isFullScreen())
settings.endGroup()
settings.beginGroup("outputpanel")
settings.setValue("visible", panel.isVisible())
settings.endGroup()

This will set the value of three settings:

  • mainwindow/size

  • mainwindow/fullScreen

  • outputpanel/visible

Call endGroup() to reset the current group to what it was before the corresponding beginGroup() call. Groups can be nested.

Note

In Qt versions prior to 6.4, this function took QString , not QAnyStringView .

See also

endGroup() group()

beginReadArray(prefix)
Parameters:

prefix – str

Return type:

int

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Adds prefix to the current group and starts reading from an array. Returns the size of the array.

Example:

class Login():
    userName = QString()
    password = QString()

logins = QList()
...
settings = QSettings()
size = settings.beginReadArray("logins")
for i in range(0, size):
    settings.setArrayIndex(i)
    login = Login()
    login.userName = settings.value("userName").toString()
    login.password = settings.value("password").toString()
    logins.append(login)

settings.endArray()

Use beginWriteArray() to write the array in the first place.

Note

In Qt versions prior to 6.4, this function took QString , not QAnyStringView .

See also

beginWriteArray() endArray() setArrayIndex()

beginWriteArray(prefix[, size=-1])
Parameters:

  • prefix – str

  • size – int

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Adds prefix to the current group and starts writing an array of size size. If size is -1 (the default), it is automatically determined based on the indexes of the entries written.

If you have many occurrences of a certain set of keys, you can use arrays to make your life easier. For example, let’s suppose that you want to save a variable-length list of user names and passwords. You could then write:

class Login():
    userName = QString()
    password = QString()

logins = QList()
...
settings = QSettings()
settings.beginWriteArray("logins")
for i in range(0, logins.size()):
    settings.setArrayIndex(i)
    settings.setValue("userName", logins.at(i).userName)
    settings.setValue("password", logins.at(i).password)

settings.endArray()

The generated keys will have the form

  • logins/size

  • logins/1/userName

  • logins/1/password

  • logins/2/userName

  • logins/2/password

  • logins/3/userName

  • logins/3/password

  • …

To read back an array, use beginReadArray() .

Note

In Qt versions prior to 6.4, this function took QString , not QAnyStringView .

See also

beginReadArray() endArray() setArrayIndex()

childGroups()
Return type:

list of strings

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Returns a list of all key top-level groups that contain keys that can be read using the QSettings object.

Example:

settings = QSettings()
settings.setValue("fridge/color", QColor(Qt.white))
settings.setValue("fridge/size", QSize(32, 96))
settings.setValue("sofa", True)
settings.setValue("tv", False)
groups = settings.childGroups()
# groups: ["fridge"]

If a group is set using beginGroup() , the first-level keys in that group are returned, without the group prefix.

settings.beginGroup("fridge")
groups = settings.childGroups()
# groups: []

You can navigate through the entire setting hierarchy using childKeys() and childGroups() recursively.

childKeys()
Return type:

list of strings

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Returns a list of all top-level keys that can be read using the QSettings object.

Example:

settings = QSettings()
settings.setValue("fridge/color", QColor(Qt.white))
settings.setValue("fridge/size", QSize(32, 96))
settings.setValue("sofa", True)
settings.setValue("tv", False)
keys = settings.childKeys()
# keys: ["sofa", "tv"]

If a group is set using beginGroup() , the top-level keys in that group are returned, without the group prefix:

settings.beginGroup("fridge")
keys = settings.childKeys()
# keys: ["color", "size"]

You can navigate through the entire setting hierarchy using childKeys() and childGroups() recursively.

clear()

Removes all entries in the primary location associated to this QSettings object.

Entries in fallback locations are not removed.

If you only want to remove the entries in the current group() , use remove(“”) instead.

contains(key)
Parameters:

key – str

Return type:

bool

Returns true if there exists a setting called key; returns false otherwise.

If a group is set using beginGroup() , key is taken to be relative to that group.

Note that the Windows registry and INI files use case-insensitive keys, whereas the CFPreferences API on macOS and iOS uses case-sensitive keys. To avoid portability problems, see the Section and Key Syntax rules.

Note

In Qt versions prior to 6.4, this function took QString , not QAnyStringView .

See also

value() setValue()

static defaultFormat()
Return type:

Format

Returns default file format used for storing settings for the QSettings ( QObject *) constructor. If no default format is set, NativeFormat is used.

endArray()

Closes the array that was started using beginReadArray() or beginWriteArray() .

endGroup()

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Resets the group to what it was before the corresponding beginGroup() call.

Example:

settings.beginGroup("alpha")
# settings.group() == "alpha"
settings.beginGroup("beta")
# settings.group() == "alpha/beta"
settings.endGroup()
# settings.group() == "alpha"
settings.endGroup()
# settings.group() == ""

See also

beginGroup() group()

fallbacksEnabled()
Return type:

bool

Returns true if fallbacks are enabled; returns false otherwise.

By default, fallbacks are enabled.

fileName()
Return type:

str

Returns the path where settings written using this QSettings object are stored.

On Windows, if the format is NativeFormat , the return value is a system registry path, not a file path.

format()
Return type:

Format

Returns the format used for storing the settings.

group()
Return type:

str

Returns the current group.

isAtomicSyncRequired()
Return type:

bool

Returns true if QSettings is only allowed to perform atomic saving and reloading (synchronization) of the settings. Returns false if it is allowed to save the settings contents directly to the configuration file.

The default is true.

isWritable()
Return type:

bool

Returns true if settings can be written using this QSettings object; returns false otherwise.

One reason why isWritable() might return false is if QSettings operates on a read-only file.

Warning

This function is not perfectly reliable, because the file permissions can change at any time.

See also

fileName() status() sync()

organizationName()
Return type:

str

Returns the organization name used for storing the settings.

remove(key)
Parameters:

key – str

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Removes the setting key and any sub-settings of key.

Example:

settings = QSettings()
settings.setValue("ape")
settings.setValue("monkey", 1)
settings.setValue("monkey/sea", 2)
settings.setValue("monkey/doe", 4)
settings.remove("monkey")
keys = settings.allKeys()
# keys: ["ape"]

Be aware that if one of the fallback locations contains a setting with the same key, that setting will be visible after calling remove().

If key is an empty string, all keys in the current group() are removed. For example:

settings = QSettings()
settings.setValue("ape")
settings.setValue("monkey", 1)
settings.setValue("monkey/sea", 2)
settings.setValue("monkey/doe", 4)
settings.beginGroup("monkey")
settings.remove("")
settings.endGroup()
keys = settings.allKeys()
# keys: ["ape"]

Note that the Windows registry and INI files use case-insensitive keys, whereas the CFPreferences API on macOS and iOS uses case-sensitive keys. To avoid portability problems, see the Section and Key Syntax rules.

Note

In Qt versions prior to 6.4, this function took QString , not QAnyStringView .

See also

setValue() value() contains()

scope()
Return type:

Scope

Returns the scope used for storing the settings.

setArrayIndex(i)
Parameters:

i – int

Sets the current array index to i. Calls to functions such as setValue() , value() , remove() , and contains() will operate on the array entry at that index.

You must call beginReadArray() or beginWriteArray() before you can call this function.

setAtomicSyncRequired(enable)
Parameters:

enable – bool

Configures whether QSettings is required to perform atomic saving and reloading (synchronization) of the settings. If the enable argument is true (the default), sync() will only perform synchronization operations that are atomic. If this is not possible, sync() will fail and status() will be an error condition.

Setting this property to false will allow QSettings to write directly to the configuration file and ignore any errors trying to lock it against other processes trying to write at the same time. Because of the potential for corruption, this option should be used with care, but is required in certain conditions, like a IniFormat configuration file that exists in an otherwise non-writeable directory or NTFS Alternate Data Streams.

See QSaveFile for more information on the feature.

static setDefaultFormat(format)
Parameters:

format – Format

Sets the default file format to the given format, which is used for storing settings for the QSettings ( QObject *) constructor.

If no default format is set, NativeFormat is used. See the documentation for the QSettings constructor you are using to see if that constructor will ignore this function.

setFallbacksEnabled(b)
Parameters:

b – bool

Sets whether fallbacks are enabled to b.

By default, fallbacks are enabled.

static setPath(format, scope, path)
Parameters:

Sets the path used for storing settings for the given format and scope, to path. The format can be a custom format.

The table below summarizes the default values:

Platform

Format

Scope

Path

Windows

IniFormat

UserScope

FOLDERID_RoamingAppData

SystemScope

FOLDERID_ProgramData

Unix

NativeFormat , IniFormat

UserScope

$HOME/.config

SystemScope

/etc/xdg

macOS and iOS

IniFormat

UserScope

$HOME/.config

SystemScope

/etc/xdg

The default UserScope paths on Unix, macOS, and iOS ($HOME/.config or $HOME/Settings) can be overridden by the user by setting the XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variable. The default SystemScope paths on Unix, macOS, and iOS (/etc/xdg) can be overridden when building the Qt library using the configure script’s -sysconfdir flag (see QLibraryInfo for details).

Setting the NativeFormat paths on Windows, macOS, and iOS has no effect.

Warning

This function doesn’t affect existing QSettings objects.

See also

registerFormat()

setValue(key, value)
Parameters:

  • key – str

  • value – object

Warning

This section contains snippets that were automatically translated from C++ to Python and may contain errors.

Sets the value of setting key to value. If the key already exists, the previous value is overwritten.

Note that the Windows registry and INI files use case-insensitive keys, whereas the CFPreferences API on macOS and iOS uses case-sensitive keys. To avoid portability problems, see the Section and Key Syntax rules.

Example:

settings = QSettings()
settings.setValue("interval", 30)
settings.value("interval").toInt() # returns 30
settings.setValue("interval", 6.55)
settings.value("interval").toDouble() # returns 6.55

Note

In Qt versions prior to 6.4, this function took QString , not QAnyStringView .

See also

value() remove() contains()

status()
Return type:

Status

Returns a status code indicating the first error that was met by QSettings , or NoError if no error occurred.

Be aware that QSettings delays performing some operations. For this reason, you might want to call sync() to ensure that the data stored in QSettings is written to disk before calling status().

See also

sync()

sync()

Writes any unsaved changes to permanent storage, and reloads any settings that have been changed in the meantime by another application.

This function is called automatically from QSettings ‘s destructor and by the event loop at regular intervals, so you normally don’t need to call it yourself.

See also

status()

value(key)
Parameters:

key – str

Return type:

object

See also

setValue()

value(arg__1[, defaultValue={}[, type=None]])
Parameters:

  • arg__1 – str

  • defaultValue – object

  • type – object

Return type:

object

Custom overload that adds an optional named parameter to the function value() to automatically cast the type that is being returned by the function.

An example of this situation could be an ini file that contains the value of a one-element list:

settings.setValue('var', ['a'])

The the ini file will be:

[General]
var=a  # we cannot know that this is a list!

Once we read it, we could specify if we want the default behavior, a str, or to cast the output to a list.

settings.value(‘var’) # Will get “a” settings.value(‘var’, type=list) # Will get [“a”]